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为评估典型工业园活动对周边农田的生态影响，本研究以襄阳市某典型工业园区周边农用土壤为对象，系统采集65个表层土壤样品，测定土壤中8种重金属（Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn）含量。综合运用单因子污染指数、地累积指数、内梅罗综合污染指数、污染负荷指数及潜在生态风险指数等多种方法评价了工业园区周边农用土壤污染程度与生态风险；并借助GIS空间插值法揭示了重金属的空间分布格局，结合Pearson相关性分析与正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）受体模型定量解析污染来源。分析结果显示：研究区域内8种重金属在土壤中的平均含量均未超过GB 15618—2018规定的风险筛选值，表明土壤环境质量整体处于良好水平。然而，Cd平均含量值为湖北土壤背景值的1.65倍，与Hg一同被视为优先管控污染物。在空间分布上，Cd、Zn高浓度区主要集中于工业园区东南部，而Pb、As高浓度区则沿国道分布，显示出人类活动影响的显著空间分异特征。PMF模型源解析结果表明，研究区土壤重金属主要源于四个方面：自然源和农业源的混合源（31.4%）、工业排放源（27.1%）、交通排放源（22.1%）和燃煤排放源（19.4%）。综上所述，Cd和Hg是研究区内优先管控的污染物，其富集主要分别源于工业排放和燃煤排放。因此，实施以控制工业与燃煤污染为重点的精准防控策略，对保障该区域农田土壤环境安全具有重要意义。
Abstract：This study aimed to assess the ecological impact of typical industrial park activities on surrounding farmland. The agricultural soil around a typical industrial park in Xiangyang city was selected as the research object. Sixty-five surface soil samples were systematically collected,and the concentrations of eight heavy metal elements(Cd,Hg,As,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,and Zn) were analyzed. Multiple indices,including the single-factor pollution index,geo-accumulation index,Nemerow comprehensive pollution index,pollution load index,and potential ecological risk index,were used to evaluate the pollution level and ecological risk of agricultural soils around the industrial park. The spatial variability and distribution characteristics of heavy metals were visualized by the GIS Kriging interpolation method. Meanwhile,Pearson correlation analysis and Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF) model were applied to quantitatively identify pollution sources. The results showed that the average contents of the eight heavy metals were lower than the risk screening values specified in the "Soil Environmental QualityRisk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land"(GB 15618— 2018),indicating good soil environmental quality in the study area. The average concentration of Cd was 1. 65 times the soil background value of Hubei Province,making Cd and Hg the priority control pollutants. Spatially,high concentrations of Cd and Zn were concentrated in the southeast of the industrial park,while high values of Pb and As were distributed along the National Highway,reflecting clear spatial differentiation under the influence of human activities. PMF modeling indicated that the heavy metals mainly originated from four sources:natural and agricultural combined sources(31. 4%),industrial sources(27. 1%),traffic sources(22. 1%),and coal-fired emissions sources(19. 4%). In summary,Cd and Hg are the priority control pollutants in the industrial park,with their enrichment mainly attributed to industrial emissions and coal-fired emissions,respectively. Therefore,implementing precise prevention and control strategies focused on industrial and coal combustion pollution is of great significance for ensuring the environmental safety of farmland soil in the study area.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.20236/j.CJIAC.2026.07.005
中图分类号:X825;X53
引用信息:
[1]魏国芬,罗德伟,胡青锋,等.基于PMF模型的襄阳某典型工业园区周边农田土壤重金属污染评价及来源解析[J].中国无机分析化学,2026,16(07):1207-1219.DOI:10.20236/j.CJIAC.2026.07.005.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（21976065）; 湖北省科技计划项目（2025BCB098）; 污染损害评估与环境健康风险防控湖北省重点实验室开放课题资助项目（HAES-HJJK202406）~~
2026-02-24
2026-02-24
2026-02-24